| MANEUVER |
EFFECTIVENESS |
LEVEL
OF EVIDENCE <REF> |
RECOMMENDATION |
| Counselling to reduce risk factors in the home. |
Families counselled about risk factors for accidental
injury in the home have fewer risk factors at follow-up visits than those
not counselled. |
Randomized controlled trial <7> (I) |
Good evidence to include in periodic health
examination. (A) |
| Anticipatory guidance for night-time crying. |
Families complying with appropriate counselling
have fewer problems with night-time crying than those not counselled. |
Randomized controlled trial <5> (I) |
Good evidence to include in periodic health
examination. (A) |
| Repeated examination of hips, eyes and hearing,
especially in the first year of life.
Click here for 2001 update: Screening
and management of developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborns
|
Outcome better with early than with late detection
and treatment of congenital hip dislocation, amblyopia and hearing impairment. |
Cohort studies <2,3,6-8> (II-2); expert opinion
<4> (III) |
Good evidence to include in periodic health
examination on basis of good detection maneuvers, effective treatment and
alleviation of burden of suffering. (A) |
| Enquiries about the achievement of milestones
at each visit. |
Other than the prevention of phenylketonuria
and hypothyroidism (usually diagnosed by screening in the neonatal period)
few preventive measures are available for mental retardation; for environmentally
deprived infants an enriched environment may enhance normal mental development. |
Cohort study <11> (II-2) |
Fair evidence to include in periodic health
examination. (B) |
| Serial measurements of height, weight
and head circumference. |
Treatment effective and efficacious for short
stature due to hypothyroidism, hypopitutitarism, and congenital adrenal
hyperplasia. |
Cohort study <2> (II-2)
|
There is fair evidence to include
in the periodic health examination. (B) |
| The appropriate frequency of measurement is
unclear. |
Expert opinion <2,12> (III) |
