CTF Summary Table: Interventions Other than Smoking Cessation to Prevent Lung Cancer

Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care

Summary Table of Recommendations

Interventions Other than Smoking Cessation to Prevent Lung Cancer

Prepared by Brenda J. Morrison, PhD, Professor of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC

These recommendations were finalized by the Task Force in October 1993

MANEUVER EFFECTIVENESS LEVEL OF EVIDENCE <REF> RECOMMENDATION

Advice to follow a diet high in green leafy vegetables and fruit. Risk of lung cancer is about 2.0 times higher among smokers whose diet is low in green leafy vegetables and fruit than among those who eat more of them. No evidence regarding effectiveness of physician counselling in inducing dietary changes. Cohort and case control studies <1-30> (II-2) Fair evidence to advise smokers to eat an average of seven portions of green leafy vegetables or fruit per week. (B)

Sputum cytology Frequent cytologic examination of sputum does not significantly change detection and mortality rates. Randomized controlled trials <31-33> (I) Good evidence to exclude from periodic health examination of asymptomatic people. (E)

Chest radiography Frequent screening by chest radiography improves detection rate but does not significantly change mortality rate. Randomized controlled trial <33> (I) Fair evidence to exclude from periodic health examination of asymptomatic people. (D)

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MANEUVER	EFFECTIVENESS	LEVEL OF EVIDENCE <REF>	RECOMMENDATION
Advice to follow a diet high in green leafy vegetables and fruit.	Risk of lung cancer is about 2.0 times higher among smokers whose diet is low in green leafy vegetables and fruit than among those who eat more of them. No evidence regarding effectiveness of physician counselling in inducing dietary changes.	Cohort and case control studies <1-30> (II-2)	Fair evidence to advise smokers to eat an average of seven portions of green leafy vegetables or fruit per week. (B)
Sputum cytology	Frequent cytologic examination of sputum does not significantly change detection and mortality rates.	Randomized controlled trials <31-33> (I)	Good evidence to exclude from periodic health examination of asymptomatic people. (E)
Chest radiography	Frequent screening by chest radiography improves detection rate but does not significantly change mortality rate.	Randomized controlled trial <33> (I)	Fair evidence to exclude from periodic health examination of asymptomatic people. (D)